Chapter04

澶ч棬澶栧ぉ瀵掑湴鍐伙紝鑺辨埧閲屽嵈娓╂殩濡傛槬銆?br />

娌¤璇嗗鏋楁礇娲涳紝鐬т笉鍑鸿繖鍦版柟瀹ゆ俯鏄浣曡皟鑺傜殑锛岃垝缂撶殑闊充箰澹板張鏄粠浣曡屾潵锛屽彧鐪嬪埌闈㈠墠涓涚敓鐨勬鐗╋紝闂诲埌绌烘皵涓姮鑺抽Ε閮佺殑娴呮贰棣欐皵銆?br />

濂硅丹鐫鑴氾紝娌跨潃楣呭嵉鐭抽摵灏辩殑灏忚矾鍚戝墠璧板幓銆傝繖浜涚煶澶存瘡涓棰楅兘琚墦纾ㄥ緱鍏夋粦婧滃渾锛屼竴鐐逛篃涓嶇鑴氾紝涔熶笉鐭ラ亾缁忚繃浠涔堝鐞嗭紝韪╀笂鍘荤珶鏄俯鐑殑銆?br />

璺袱鏃佺殑妞嶇墿闀垮緱澶繃绻佽寕锛屾灊鍙堕兘浼镐簡鍑烘潵锛岃交杞绘悢鐫鏋楁礇娲涚殑鐨勫皬鑵裤?br />

闄や簡鑴氳竟绫讳技鐏屾湪涓涙牱鐨勪笢瑗匡紝鍥涗笅杩樻湁鍚勮壊鑺辨湹銆傝櫧鐒舵槸鍐ぉ锛屼絾鏋楁礇娲涚洰鍏夋墍鍙婁箣澶勯櫎浜嗙帿鐟板拰閮侀噾棣欙紝杩欎簺濂硅兘鍙緱涓婂悕瀛楃殑鑺憋紝杩樻湁鏇村濂瑰帇鏍逛笉璁よ瘑鐨勶紝浣嗙湅涓婂幓灏卞崄鍒嗗悕璐电殑鍝佺銆?br />

灏戝コ鍦ㄨ姳涓涗腑绌挎銆?br />

杩欑敾闈紝涔嶅惉涔嬩笅涓嶉毦浠や汉浜х敓鍔ㄧ敾鐗囦腑鑺变粰瀛愭垨绮剧伒涔嬬被鐨勯亹鎯筹紝浣嗘灄娲涙礇鍗佸垎娓呴啋鈥斺旇嚜宸变笉杩囨槸涓珮绾у濂炽?br />

杩欒娉曪紝杩樻槸浠庡叾浠栦汉閭ｅ効鍚潵鐨勩?br />

鈥滆繖娲诲効锛岃鐧戒簡灏辨槸楂樼骇濡撳コ锛屽彧鍗栬壓涓嶅崠韬殑閭ｇ銆傗?br />

褰撳垵灏忓嚖浠嬬粛濂瑰幓鍋氳壊鎯呯洿鎾椂杩欎箞璇撮亾銆?br />

涓嶈繃绛夋灄娲涙礇姝ｅ紡鎴愪负濂逛滑涓殑涓鍛橈紝绉佷互涓衡滃崠鑹衡濊繖璇嶅効锛屾湭鍏嶄篃澶繃鎶妇鑷繁銆?br />

鍞竴鑳借濂归珮鍏寸殑锛屽氨鏄繖浠解滃吋鑱屸濇潵閽辨瘮璧峰埛纰楁礂鐩樺瓙涔嬬被瑕佸揩寰堝锛岃屼笖濂圭幇鍦ㄦ帴鐨勨滃娲诲効鈥濓紝涔熸瘮灏忓嚖濂逛滑瑕佸ソ鍑轰笉灏戙?br />

涓杈规兂鐫锛屾灄娲涙礇宸茬粡涓嶇煡涓嶈璧板埌楣呭嵉鐭冲皬璺殑灏藉ご锛岃笍涓婃暣鐗囨煍杞殑浜哄伐鑽夊潽锛屽彧瑙佷竴闈㈠法澶ф棤姣旂殑闀滃瓙闃荤粷浜嗗ス鍘昏矾銆?br />

杩欓暅瀛愬ソ浼间竴鍫靛锛屽皢鑺辨埧浣欎笅閮ㄥ垎鎸″緱涓ヤ弗瀹炲疄銆?br />

闀滃瓙绾ゅ皹涓嶆煋锛屾槧鍑烘灄娲涙礇韬悗鐨勮姳鎴匡紝灏嗚繖鍦版柟鏄惧緱鏍煎澶э紝涔熸牸澶栫┖鏃枫傚亴澶х殑绌洪棿閲岋紝浠夸經鍙湁鏋楁礇娲涘拰闀滀腑鐨勫ス鑷繁銆?br />

鏋楁礇娲涢鏋跺皬锛屽洜鑰岄暅涓殑濂癸紝鐪嬩笂鍘昏叞韬拰鍥涜偄閮芥棤姣旂氦缁嗭紝琛緱鍘熸湰灏卞彂鑲茶壇濂界殑鑳搁儴鏇村姞涓版弧锛屽儚涓瀵圭坏杞殑闈㈠洟锛岄殢鐫濂圭殑鍔ㄤ綔杞昏交鏅冨姩锛岃浜轰笉绂佸ソ濂囧畠浠殑鎵嬫劅銆?br />

濂硅蛋鍒扮闀滃瓙鍗婄背杩滅殑鍦版柟绔欏畾锛岃韩涓婄敱浜庡垰鍐茶繃鐑按婢★紝杩橀殣闅愰忕潃绮夛紝琚《妫氭殩鐧借壊鐨勭伅涓鐓э紝鍦嗘鼎鐨勮偐鑶鍙戠潃鍏変技鐨勬檭鐪笺傚彂姊笂娈嬬暀鐨勬按娓嶈惤鍒板ス韬笂锛屼粠棰堜晶婊戝悜閿侀锛屽啀绌胯繃閭ｅ菇娣辩殑涔虫矡锛屽張浠庡钩鍧︾殑灏忚吂涓璺悜涓嬨?br />

涓嶇煡鏄惁鍥犱负灏忔椂鍊欒惀鍏讳笉鑹殑缂樻晠锛屾灄娲涙礇韬笂鍑犱箮娌℃湁浣撴瘺锛岀澶勪篃鍏夋簻婧滅殑銆傜敱浜庢病鏈夐伄鎸★紝鍝曞ス鍙岃吙骞舵嫝锛屼篃鑳界湅鍒颁袱鑵块棿閭ｆ潯绮夌孩鑹茬殑鑲夌紳鈥斺旈偅棰楁按鐝犳渶鍚庣殑褰掑銆?br />

褰撶湡鏄皯濂崇嫭鏈夌殑缇庡ソ鑲変綋銆?br />

鍙繖鍓韩浣撶殑涓讳汉锛岄湶鍦ㄥ彛缃╁鐨勯偅鍙岀溂鐫涘嵈鍍忔江姝绘按鑸钩瀵傦紝姣棤娉㈡緶锛屼粠涓牴鏈鲸涓嶅嚭涓涓濊繖骞撮緞搴旀湁鐨勬椿鍔涗笌鏈濇皵銆?br />

杩欐槸闈㈠崟鍚戦忚闀溿?br />

鏋楁礇娲涜传鐦犵殑鐗╃悊鐭ヨ瘑涓嶈冻浠ユ敮鎾戝ス鐞嗚В杩欓暅瀛愮殑鍘熺悊锛屽彧鐭ラ亾闀滃瓙鍚庣殑浜虹湅濂癸紝灏卞ソ鍍忓彧闅斾簡灞傛櫘閫氱幓鐠冿紝鑷繁鐨勪竴涓句竴鍔ㄩ兘琚鏂瑰敖鏀剁溂搴曘?br />

杩欏緢濂囨斺旀湁浜烘鍦ㄥ闈㈢湅鐫浣狅紝鑰屼綘鍗村浠栦竴鏃犳墍鐭ワ紝浣曞喌浣犲叏韬笂涓嬮櫎浜嗗彧鍙ｇ僵锛屽啀娌℃湁鍏朵粬甯冩枡銆?br />

浣嗚繖鍗存槸鏋楁礇娲涙棭宸茬啛鎮夌殑浜嬫儏鈥斺旈潪瑕佽鐨勮瘽锛屽湪鐩存挱闂撮噷琛ㄦ紨锛屽拰鐪间笅杩欑鎯呭喌鍗佸垎鐩镐技锛屽敮涓鐨勫尯鍒氨鏄ス鍜岄偅浜涚敺浜猴紝浠庡師鏈殧鐫缃戠粶锛屽